Why “Set Aside Natural Resources” Is a Rigged Question About the Muslim World

 “Set Aside Natural Resources”: A Question That Quietly Breaks the Rules

“Setting natural resources aside, what are the major exports of the Muslim world today?”

A conceptual split-screen image showing a futuristic cityscape on one side and an industrial mining site on the other, connected by golden flows of raw materials through a stone foundation. Text overlay reads "SET ASIDE NATURAL RESOURCES? SELECTIVE SCRUTINY."


It sounds like a fair question. Calm. Curious. Almost academic.

But the moment natural resources are removed from the equation, the question stops being about contribution and starts being about control. The rules change mid-conversation — and only for certain countries.

What the Data Actually Shows

Let’s begin with verifiable facts, not impressions.

According to data from the World Bank, UN Comtrade, and the International Energy Agency (IEA):

  • Muslim-majority countries account for roughly one-third of global oil and gas exports, forming a critical pillar of global energy security

  • Morocco alone holds over 70% of the world’s known phosphate reserves, a key input for fertilizer and global food production (World Bank / USGS data)

  • Bangladesh, Pakistan, Turkey, and Indonesia collectively export hundreds of billions of dollars annually in textiles and manufactured goods to Western markets (UN Comtrade)

  • Pakistan’s Sialkot cluster supplies a large share of the world’s medical-grade surgical instruments, used routinely in European and North American hospitals

  • Turkey’s defense exports, particularly drone technology, have grown sharply since 2015 and are now studied, purchased, or countered by NATO members

These are not symbolic contributions. They are structural ones.

The Framing Problem: Who Gets to “Set Aside” Their Strengths?

No one asks Norway to set aside oil before judging its innovation record.
No one asks Australia to ignore iron ore.
No one asks Canada to explain itself without natural resources.

Yet Muslim-majority countries are routinely asked to justify their relevance without the very sectors the global economic system encouraged them to specialize in.

That is not neutral analysis. It is selective scrutiny.

Historical Context: How These Economies Were Shaped

Most Muslim-majority states gained independence after 1945. What they inherited were not innovation hubs, but:

  • Colonial extraction economies

  • Borders designed for administration, not development

  • Weak industrial bases

  • Capital flows structured to move outward rather than reinvest locally

Post-independence trade regimes reinforced this model. Raw materials flowed out. Finished goods flowed in. Technology, patents, and capital accumulated elsewhere.

This was not cultural failure. It was economic architecture.

Ignoring this history turns a structural issue into a moral judgment.

Innovation Exists — Often Without Labels

Another distortion lies in how contribution is counted.

Muslim scientists, engineers, and doctors play central roles in:

  • Medical research

  • Artificial intelligence and data science

  • Biotechnology and pharmaceuticals

  • University research labs across the United States and Europe

Their work is absorbed into Western institutions. Their innovation is rebranded. Their origin disappears.

Contribution does not cease to exist because it changes passports.

Why Natural Resources Still Matter in a “Post-Industrial” World

The idea that natural resources are somehow inferior exports belongs to a fantasy version of the global economy.

Energy and raw materials underpin:

  • Manufacturing supply chains

  • Transportation networks

  • Food systems

  • National security

When supply is disrupted, markets panic. We have seen this repeatedly:

  • The 1970s oil shocks

  • Energy instability following the Russia-Ukraine war

  • Inflation spikes tied directly to fuel and fertilizer prices (IEA data)

A world that claims to have moved beyond resources reacts instantly when access is threatened.

The Unasked Question: What If These Exports Stopped?

If major Muslim-majority exporters significantly restricted energy and raw-material exports to the United States and Europe, the effects would be immediate:

  • Fuel prices would surge

  • Food costs would rise sharply

  • Manufacturing would slow

  • Inflation would accelerate

  • Political pressure would intensify across Western democracies

That dependency alone answers the question of contribution.

Conclusion: The Question Behind the Question

The real issue is not why Muslim-majority countries export what they do.

The real issue is why the global economy still treats extraction as acceptable when it benefits powerful states, but inadequate when it benefits everyone else.

Once that contradiction is acknowledged, the original question stops sounding curious and starts sounding convenient.

And convenience, in geopolitics, is rarely innocent.

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