A bladder stone is a hard, solid mass that forms in the bladder. It is made up of minerals and salts that crystallize in the urine. Bladder stones can be caused by a number of factors, including:
- Urinary tract infections
- Diabetes
- Kidney stones
- An enlarged prostate gland
- Neurological disorders that affect bladder control
- Bladder diverticula (small pouches that bulge out of the bladder wall)
- Inadequate fluid intake
- A diet high in animal protein, sodium, and sugar
Bladder stones can cause a number of symptoms, including:
- Pain or burning during urination
- Frequent urination, especially at night
- Blood in the urine
- Cloudy or foul-smelling urine
- Difficulty emptying the bladder
- Urinary tract infections
If you experience any of these symptoms, it is important to see a doctor to get a diagnosis and treatment.
The treatment for bladder stones depends on the size and location of the stone, as well as the underlying cause. Small stones may be able to pass on their own with increased fluid intake. Larger stones may need to be broken up or removed surgically.
There are a number of things you can do to help prevent bladder stones, including:
- Drink plenty of fluids, especially water
- Eat a healthy diet that is low in animal protein, sodium, and sugar
- Avoid caffeine and alcohol
- Empty your bladder completely when you urinate
- Get regular exercise
- Take medications to control diabetes or other underlying medical conditions
If you have a history of bladder stones, it is important to see your doctor regularly for checkups and to make sure that the stones are not coming back.
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