what is the impact of Hungary's anti-immigrant policies on the country's labor market?

 Hungary's anti-immigrant policies, led by Prime Minister Viktor Orban, have had a significant impact on the country's labor market. The consequences of these policies include:

1. Labor shortage: Hungary is currently experiencing a labor shortage, despite having one of the fastest-growing economies in Europe and near-record low unemployment
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   . The government's anti-immigrant policies, which include erecting barriers along Hungary's borders and limiting work permits for most foreigners, have contributed to this shortage
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2. Threat to cheap labor model: Hungary's cheap labor model, which has been a key driver of its economic growth, is under threat due to the government's immigration policies
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   . The policies have limited the availability of foreign workers, which has led to a shortage of labor in certain sectors.
3. Negative perception of refugees as an economic burden: Many Hungarians perceive refugees as an economic burden, which has hindered efforts to address labor shortages in certain sectors
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   . This perception is influenced by the government's anti-immigrant messaging.
4. Competition for labor market positions: The competition for labor market positions between native-born citizens and immigrants is well illustrated by the economic rivalry between 'native' and 'immigrant' ethnic groups
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   . The government's anti-immigrant policies have contributed to this competition and have led to a negative view of immigrants and refugees in the country.

In conclusion, Hungary's anti-immigrant policies have had a significant impact on the country's labor market. The policies have contributed to a labor shortage, threatened Hungary's cheap labor model, and fostered a negative perception of refugees as an economic burden.

Citations:

[1] https://www.jstor.org/stable/26972227

[2] https://www.mnb.hu/letoltes/mnb-tanulmany-eng-114-1126.pdf

[3] https://www.nytimes.com/2019/05/03/business/hungary-slave-law.html

[4] https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=4096169

[5] https://www.brookings.edu/articles/anti-muslim-populism-in-hungary-from-the-margins-to-the-mainstream/

[6] https://www.npr.org/sections/parallels/2015/09/01/436660066/hungarys-leader-pushes-his-anti-migrant-platform-to-bolster-support