France and England have a long and complex history of conflict, including conquest, wars, and alliances
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- Anglo-French Wars: A series of conflicts between England (and after 1707, Britain) and France that took place from the Middle Ages to the 20th century. These wars were often fought over disputed territories and trade routes, and they involved both European and overseas colonies2.3
- Hundred Years' War: An intermittent struggle between England and France in the 14th–15th century over a series of disputes, including the question of the English territorial possessions in France and disputed succession to the French throne. This conflict was exacerbated by complicated problems, such as litigation, commercial rivalry, and greed for plunder4.4
- Franco-Scots Alliance: A military alliance between France and Scotland that was formed in 1295 to counter English aggression.1
- Italian War of 1521-1526: A conflict between France and the Holy Roman Empire for control of northern Italy, which England joined to harass France.5
- Seven Years' War: A global conflict fought between 1756 and 1763, which involved most of the great powers of the time, including France and England.1
- Napoleonic Wars: A series of conflicts fought between France and various European powers, including England, from 1803 to 1815.3
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