How high can the blood sugar be? Do not ignore doctor's advice

 Diabetes treatment is based on keeping the blood sugar level in check. By measuring often, you can avoid values ​​that are too high or too low and prevent diseases from happening in the first place.

 The amount of glucose in the blood is called blood sugar. Glucose is made up of one small molecule of sugar. Glucose gives energy to the cells in the body. The intestinal wall is a very quick way for glucose from food to get into the blood. So that it can get from the blood into the cells, it needs the hormone insulin. Without insulin, only nerve cells and red blood cells can absorb glucose.

 When a person is healthy, their body makes insulin when it needs it, and their blood sugar levels are normal. In type 1 diabetes, the pancreas doesn't make enough insulin or none at all. An autoimmune disease is to blame. Those who have it have to give themselves insulin shots on a regular basis to control their blood sugar and avoid sudden metabolic problems and long-term damage. People with diabetes figure out how much insulin they need on their own. They look at the person's current blood sugar level and other things, like how many carbs they eat or how much exercise lowers blood sugar. 

 Type 2 diabetes is not the same as type 1 diabetes. Insulin resistance means that the body's cells don't respond as well to insulin, so sugar doesn't get into the cells almost enough and builds up in the blood. The pancreas starts by making more and more insulin. This is done to break through this resistance. But eventually, the organ wears out, insulin levels drop, and blood sugar levels rise, until they reach a level that meets the criteria for type 2 diabetes. 

 

This is how elevated blood sugar levels are expressed.

Most people get type 1 diabetes when they are young or in their teens. In just a few weeks, it will grow very quickly. It is usually easy to spot because of its common signs, such as a strong thirst, frequent urination, weight loss, tiredness, and exhaustion.

 

When it comes to type 2 diabetes, on the other hand, it can take a long time to figure out what's wrong. Because this type of diabetes usually has no symptoms or only vague ones, even doctors don't always think of it right away. Tiredness and increased thirst are also signs, as are a higher risk of getting infections, a longer time for wounds to heal, or dry, itchy skin.

 

How high can the blood sugar be?

The goal of treating diabetes is to get the blood sugar level closer to what it would be in a healthy person. Blood sugar levels in a healthy adult are usually below 100 mg/dl or 5.6 mmol/l when they haven't eaten for 8 to 10 hours. Usually, the value is below 140 mg/dl (7.8 mmol/l) two hours after a meal.

 

Diabetes is present when the blood glucose level is at least 126 mg/dL (7.0 mmol/L) or 200 mg/dL (11.1 mmol/L) at any time (eg, after a meal). A fasting blood sugar level between 100 and 125 mg/dl (5.6 to 6.9 mmol/l) is an early sign of type 2 diabetes (prediabetes). People with fasting values ​​in this range can keep from getting diabetes if they figure out what makes them more likely to get it and do something about it.

 

Blood glucose levels: an overview

Blood sugar levels in healthy people:

• fasting: below 100 mg/dl (5.6 mmol/l)
• any time after a meal: less than 140 mg/dL (7.8 mmol/L)
• HbA1c: between 4.5 and 5.7%

Blood sugar levels in people with diabetes:

• Fasting: 126 mg/dL (7.0 mmol/L) or greater
• anytime after a meal: over 200 mg/dL (11.1 mmol/L)
• HbA1c: higher than 6.5%

Blood sugar levels in prediabetes:

• fasting: between 100 and 125 mg/dl (5.6 to 6.9 mmol/l)
• any time after a meal: 140 to 199 mg/dL (7.8 to 11 mmol/L)
• HbA1c: between 5.7 and 6.5%

 

People with diabetes are interested in both their blood sugar levels before and after they eat. Because they show how well the diabetes is controlled and if the treatment needs to be changed. For example, if the fasting values ​​are good in the morning but the blood sugar rises so much after eating that it may be necessary to take a fast-acting insulin squirt with meals,.

I request that my blog readers to check their blood sugar regularly. I ignored the doctor's advice despite the history of diabetes in the family. This resulted in severe heart in may 2019. My blood sugar was 384 when I had a heart attack.

High triglycerides can lead to artery hardening

 Lowering triglycerides is important when blood fat levels are too high. You can find out how to do this here.

 

Why would lowering high triglyceride levels make sense? This is due to the fact that an elevated level indicates an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, especially when combined with elevated levels of "bad" LDL cholesterol.

 

Because high triglycerides can lead to artery hardening, which can result in a heart attack or stroke if the cholesterol is also high, lowering LDL and blood lipids in the blood is necessary to reduce this high risk.

 

But how did the triglyceride levels become so high? A metabolic disease such as diabetes, gout, or Cushing's disease can cause this in rare cases, but there are usually other reasons why the value is abnormal. These are primarily associated with an unhealthy lifestyle; for example, overweight people with a lot of abdominal fat or people with adiposity (obesity) frequently have elevated blood lipid levels. Other reasons include:

 

• too much alcohol
• high-fat diet
• too much sugar
• Too little movement
• Smoking

Another possibility for triglycerides in the blood is a hereditary lipid metabolism disorder. One such example is familial combined hyperlipidemia.

 

Triglycerides are fats that we consume through food. They should, in fact, provide us with energy, but this is not always required. In this case, excess fats from the diet are simply stored in the body, which is known as adipose tissue. However, the substance is not only absorbed through food; the body can also produce it in the liver. 

 

Triglycerides travel through our bloodstream to fatty tissue. This is one of the reasons why it is critical to arrive on an empty stomach when giving blood. Because freshly consumed food naturally prevents accurate triglyceride determination, When it comes to cholesterol, for example, it makes no difference whether you arrive hungry or not.

 

Based on the results, a doctor can determine whether you simply have high blood lipid levels or if you have a lipid metabolism disorder. In this case, particularly high triglyceride levels have been detected, which can also lead to pancreatic inflammation. If you are already being treated, repeated blood tests can be used to determine whether or not your drug therapy with a lipid-lowering agent is effective.

 

Triglycerides too high: What triglyceride levels are normal?

The sheet with the blood test results usually includes numbers indicating how high a value should be. This allows physicians and laypeople to quickly determine what is wrong with the body.

 

For example, in addition to blood fats, inflammation markers or cholesterol levels can also be determined. But what triglyceride level is normal? This is revealed, among other things, by the lipid league, whose full name is the German Society for Combating Lipid Metabolism Disorders and Their Complications (DGFF) .

 

Triglyceride levels in the blood are considered normal in healthy people if they do not exceed 150 mg/dl (1.7 mmol/l). The blood lipid value is considered borderline high between 150-200 mg/dl (2.28 mmol/l), high between 200-500 mg/dl (5.7 mmol/l), and very high above this.

 

Increased triglycerides: This is how you can lower blood lipid levels

Proper nutrition and other foods frequently provide answers to the question of how to lower elevated levels of triglycerides. However, there is a simple trick that can be used to lower triglycerides. Obesity and/or lifestyle play a role in this value, and people who are overweight are more likely to have high blood lipid levels. The solution to the problem is clear, as confirmed by the lipid league. The following tricks can be used to lower the high proportion of blood fats and possibly even normalize them.

 

• lose weight
• Change diet
• drink little alcohol and don't smoke
• Getting enough exercise

Eating healthy and not consuming too many omega-6 fatty acids are important for lowering cholesterol levels. However, certain omega-3 fatty acids can help normalize blood lipid levels, while others help maintain cholesterol balance. The ideal ratio of omega 3 to omega 6 intake is 5:1.

Breast Cancer : Defeat the terrible disease and get on well

 One of the most dreadful illnesses a woman can have is breast cancer. Breast lumps are a source of great, and understandable, fear. The likelihood of survival has increased significantly as a result of new treatment modalities and better diagnostic tools. Breast cancer is treatable if found early.

 

In the course of their lives, about one in ten women will develop breast cancer. The chances of recovery are better the earlier a tumor is found. For this, routine medical exams are crucial, as well as your own breast palpation.

 

Breast cancer: If detected early, it can be well treated.

70,000 women in Germany are diagnosed with breast cancer each year, but it can be successfully treated if discovered in its early stages. The causes of breast cancer are still unknown, but it is known that a breast cell's genome has changed, causing it to proliferate uncontrollably and form a cancerous tumor.

Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women in Germany, accounting for about 30% of all new cancer cases in women. The incidence of breast cancer in Germany has been increasing in recent years, but the mortality rate has been decreasing, thanks to early detection and improved treatment.
According to the German Cancer Research Center, in 2020, there were an estimated 71,200 new cases of breast cancer diagnosed in women in Germany. The average age at diagnosis is 64 years. Breast cancer is more common in older women, but it can occur at any age.

Have changes in the breast clarified by the doctor

Women should see a doctor if they notice a change in their breasts, such as a lump, cysts, or connective tissue hardening. These spots can feel similar to tumors but are harmless. Additionally, if the skin on the breast has changed or the shape of the breast suddenly looks different, the nipple may secrete fluid or retract.

Use the opportunities for early detection

Women over the age of 30 who have statutory health insurance can have their breasts scanned by a gynecologist once a year, but a physical examination at home is more important. Women between the ages of 50 and 69 are also entitled to a mammogram every two years. It is best to examine the breasts yourself once a month, preferably a few days after the menstrual period, as the breasts are particularly soft and lumps can be felt easily.

 

Most diseases are not genetic

Genetic mutations, close relatives, early menstruation, and classic risk factors such as alcohol consumption and smoking all increase the risk of developing breast cancer. Genetic mutations are being researched, but the majority of breast cancers are not genetic, so detection is key.

 

Feel the breast yourself once a month

Women should check their breasts regularly, take advantage of check-ups, and live as healthily as possible. The guideline is three to five hours of exercise per week to reduce the risk of developing breast cancer. Adipose tissue in the abdominal area is particularly problematic in the case of obesity, leading to an increase in insulin and estrogen levels, which can increase the risk of breast cancer.

 

Good chance of recovery from breast cancer

There are many options for treating breast cancer, with most cases being cured permanently. It is important to plan therapy in a certified breast cancer center and to tailor it to the patient's individual needs.

 

Breast cancer therapy: Good education is important!

Treatment options include surgery, radiation therapy, and drug therapy, depending on the type of tumor. Patients should have the individual treatment steps explained to them in detail and ask questions if they do not understand something. It is possible to get a second opinion from another doctor if they have any doubts.

Narcolepsy : the sleeping sickness

 Narcolepsy is also colloquially known as "sleeping sickness." Those who are affected are unusually sleepy during the day and frequently fall asleep unexpectedly. This is more due to an organic brain disorder than a lack of sleep. Narcolepsy cannot be cured. Those affected, however, can live a better, more alert life with the help of medication.

 

There are two main forms of narcolepsy.

Experts distinguish two main forms of narcolepsy, related to the symptom cataplexy (sudden relaxation of muscles due to strong emotions) described below:

 

Type 1 narcolepsy is associated with such muscle relaxation episodes (cataplexy). This variant likely accounts for the majority of narcolepsy cases. In most cases, cataplexy does not appear until months or years after the onset of the disease's first symptom, daytime sleepiness. The defining characteristic of narcolepsy type 1 is the absence of a measurable neurotransmitter in the cerebrospinal fluid (liquor), indicating that the producing nerve cells in the brain have perished.

 

Type 2 narcolepsy occurs without a deficiency of this neurotransmitter and without cataplexy . In certain cases, narcolepsy type 2 is only the early stage of type 1, which means: Over time, those affected develop cataplexy - the diagnosis then changes from "narcolepsy type 2" to "narcolepsy type 1".

Narcolepsy: frequency and age

Narcolepsy is fairly common. According to studies, only 26 to 50 people out of every 100,000 in Europe are affected. However, experts believe that the number of unreported cases is high - many people likely suffer from narcolepsy without being aware of it or being treated for it. 

 

The disease can first appear at almost any age. In most cases, however, narcolepsy begins at a young age, in adolescence or before the age of 40. Both sexes are affected roughly equally.
 

Narcolepsy: causes and risk factors

The loss of brain nerve cells that produce hypocretin, which regulates sleep-wake cycles by increasing wakefulness and stabilizing both wakefulness and sleep, is the cause of the neurological condition narcolepsy. 

 

Hypocretin deficiency is caused by an autoimmune reaction in the body, disrupting the normal sleep-wake cycle, leading to frequent alternations between sleeping and waking.

 

Narcolepsy is caused by autoimmune processes, infections, brain damage, and a loss of hypocretin-producing nerve cells. There is rarely a family history of the disease, and it occurs as a symptom of brain damage.

 

Symptoms: Narcolepsy

Narcolepsy is essentially characterized by the following symptoms:

 

Daytime sleepiness: Narcoleptics are either constantly sleepy or have sudden fits of sleepiness, usually lasting only a few minutes. This daytime sleepiness is usually noticed in repetitive situations, but can also occur in more active situations such as eating or driving.

 

Cataplexy

Cataplexy is the sudden, short-term loss of tension (tone) in the muscles of the face, arms and legs, usually on both sides of the body at the same time. Triggers are intense emotions such as laughter, joy, pride, surprise or anger. Cataplexy usually lasts five to 120 seconds and can vary in severity. Narcolepsy is almost always present when cataplexy occurs, but not every narcoleptic has cataplexy.

 

Hypnagogic hallucinations

 

The term refers to hallucinations during the transition from wakefulness to sleep (i.e. while falling asleep) or from sleeping to wakefulness (i.e. when waking up). Some sufferers see or hear things that are not real. Tactile illusions (supposed touching) are also possible.

 

Sleep paralysis

 

When falling asleep and waking up, narcoleptics are sometimes temporarily unable to move or speak. Dream perceptions and waking consciousness can mix here, so that those affected do not know whether they are awake or asleep. You feel completely paralyzed for a moment. While this feeling lasts only a few seconds to minutes and is not dangerous, it can be very frightening.

 

Disrupted night sleep

People with narcolepsy repeatedly wake up abruptly and for no apparent reason at night. You are then immediately wide awake. These waking phases are usually short, but can also last longer.

 

Daytime sleepiness and cataplexy, as well as disturbed sleep at night, are considered to be the core symptoms of narcolepsy type 1. Other symptoms, such as sleep paralysis and hallucinations, can also occur, but they do not have to.

 

Comorbidities of narcolepsy

There are a number of disorders that occur more frequently in narcoleptics than in people who do not suffer from the "sleep craze". These comorbidities include, for example, nightmares, sleepwalking, sleep-disordered breathing, migraines, obesity and depression.

How many days a week should diabetic patients jog?

 According to the American Diabetes Association, people with diabetes should aim for at least 150 minutes of moderate-to-vigorous aerobic activity each week. This can be spread out over 3 days or more, so jogging for 30 minutes 5 days a week would be a good goal. However, it is important to start slowly and gradually increase the amount of time you spend jogging each week. It is also important to talk to your doctor before starting any new exercise program, especially if you have any other health conditions.

Here are some tips for diabetic patients who are starting a jogging program:

• Start slowly and gradually increase the amount of time you spend jogging each week.
• Talk to your doctor before starting any new exercise program, especially if you have any other health conditions.
• Wear comfortable shoes and clothing.
• Jog on a safe surface, such as a track or treadmill.
• Drink plenty of water before, during, and after jogging.
• Monitor your blood sugar levels before and after jogging.
• If you feel any pain or discomfort, stop jogging and consult your doctor.

How can I start exercising if I have diabetes?

Here are some tips on how to start exercising if you have diabetes:

1. Talk to your doctor. Before you start any new exercise program, it's important to talk to your doctor. They can help you create a safe and effective exercise plan that's right for you.
2. Start slowly. If you're not used to exercising, start slowly and gradually increase the amount of time and intensity of your workouts over time.
3. Choose activities you enjoy. The more you enjoy an activity, the more likely you are to stick with it. There are many different types of exercise that people with diabetes can do, so find something that you enjoy and that fits into your lifestyle.
4. Make exercise a part of your routine. Schedule time for exercise each day or week and stick to your schedule as much as possible.
5. Find a workout buddy. Having a workout buddy can help you stay motivated and accountable.
6. Don't be afraid to ask for help. If you have any questions or concerns about exercise, don't be afraid to ask your doctor or a certified personal trainer for help.

Here are some specific exercises that people with diabetes may find helpful:

• Aerobic exercise: Aerobic exercise is any activity that gets your heart rate up and makes you breathe harder. Examples of aerobic exercise include walking, running, swimming, biking, and dancing.
• Strength training: Strength training helps to build muscle mass. Muscle mass helps to improve blood sugar control and can also help to reduce your risk of other chronic diseases, such as heart disease and stroke.
• Flexibility exercises: Flexibility exercises help to improve your range of motion. This can help to reduce your risk of injuries and make it easier to perform everyday activities.

It is important to note that not all exercises are appropriate for everyone with diabetes. If you have any questions or concerns about whether an exercise is right for you, be sure to talk to your doctor.

How can I monitor my blood sugar during exercise?

There are a few different ways to monitor your blood sugar during exercise. The best way for you will depend on your individual needs and preferences.

One way to monitor your blood sugar is to use a continuous glucose monitor (CGM). A CGM is a small device that you wear on your body that measures your blood sugar levels every few minutes. This can give you a good overview of how your blood sugar is changing throughout your workout.

Another way to monitor your blood sugar is to use a fingerstick blood glucose meter. A fingerstick meter is a small device that you use to prick your finger and get a drop of blood. You then place the blood on a test strip and insert the test strip into the meter. The meter will then display your blood sugar level.

If you are going to be exercising for a long period of time, it is a good idea to check your blood sugar every 30 minutes or so. This will help you to make sure that your blood sugar levels are staying in a safe range.

If your blood sugar level is too low, you will need to eat or drink something that will raise your blood sugar level. Some good options for raising your blood sugar level include:

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Sex education in Germany

 Sex education has long been a source of contention and debate in Germany. Several German states have issued new guidelines for addressing the LGBT community in sexual education classes. In Baden-Württemberg, for example, the regional government incorporated the "acceptance of sexual diversity" into its guidelines for teachers. However, this has sparked protests from socially conservative groups who believe it contradicts Germany's Basic Law, which states that marriage between a man and a woman is the foundation of society. 

 

Sex education, also called sexual education, sexuality education, or sex ed, is the teaching of topics related to human sexuality, such as human sexual anatomy, sexual activity, sexual reproduction, safe sex and birth control, sexual health, reproductive health, emotional relationships and responsibilities, the age of consent, and reproductive rights. Several states in Germany have made new rules that include talking about the LGBT community when sexual education is taught in schools. Also, it is stressed that teachers should be open to and accepting of people with different gender identities and ways of living.

Many people have praised this approach to sex education as a crucial step in building a more accepting and inclusive society. However, it has also faced criticism from those who believe that Such discussions should not be part of the classroom.. Despite the controversy, many educators and advocates believe that it is essential to provide young people with comprehensive sex education that includes information about diverse sexual orientations and identities. By doing so, they hope to promote healthy relationships, prevent sexually transmitted infections, and reduce the stigma and discrimination faced by members of the LGBT community.

 

Do Muslims oppose sex education in class rooms in Germany? 

 

There is no one answer to this question, as opinions on sex education vary widely within the Muslim community. Some Muslims may oppose the teaching of sex education in classrooms, while others may support it as an important way to promote healthy relationships and prevent the spread of sexually transmitted infections. Ultimately, the decision of whether or not to include discussions of the LGBT community in sex education classes is up to individual schools and educators, and may be influenced by a variety of factors, including cultural and religious beliefs, community norms, and legal requirements.

 

Sex education in Iran and Malaysia

 

Iran and Malaysia both have conservative religious and cultural views about how to teach about sexuality. Iran's approach is more limited than Malaysia's, but both countries have worked to promote a more complete education. Iran's approach is more limited than Malaysia's, but both countries still have a long way to go when it comes to giving their young people accurate and all-around sex education. Iran's approach is more limited than Malaysia's, but both countries still have a long way to go when it comes to giving their young people accurate and all-around sex education.

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Medications can be dangerous in hot weather

 Medications can be dangerous in hot weather because they can break down or become less effective when exposed to high temperatures. This can lead to a number of problems, including:

• The medication may not work as well as it should.
• The medication may become toxic.
• The medication may cause side effects that are worse than usual.

To prevent medications from becoming dangerous in hot weather, it is important to store them properly. Most medications should be stored at room temperature, which is between 59 and 77 degrees Fahrenheit. If you are not sure how to store your medication, you should ask your pharmacist.

Here are some tips for storing medications in hot weather:

• Keep medications in a cool, dry place.
• Do not store medications in direct sunlight or in a hot car.
• If you are traveling, keep medications in a cool place in your car or in a cooler with ice packs.
• If you are taking multiple medications, keep them in separate containers so that you do not accidentally take too much of one medication.

It is also important to be aware of the signs of heat-related illness. If you experience any of the following symptoms, seek medical attention immediately:

• Fever
• Headache
• Dizziness
• Nausea
• Vomiting
• Muscle cramps
• Rapid breathing
• Rapid heart rate
• Confusion
• Loss of consciousness

By following these tips, you can help to keep your medications safe and effective in hot weather.

Where to keep medicines in the summer?

Here are some tips on where to keep your medicines in the summer:

• In a cool, dry place. This could be a kitchen cabinet, a dresser drawer, or a closet. Avoid storing medications in the bathroom, as the heat and humidity from showers and baths can damage them.
• Out of direct sunlight. Sunlight can also damage medications, so it's best to keep them in a place where they won't be exposed to direct sunlight.
• Away from children and pets. Medications can be harmful if they are swallowed by children or pets. Be sure to keep them in a place where they can't reach them.
• In their original containers. This will help to protect them from moisture and other damage.
• Discard expired medications. Expired medications are no longer safe to take. Be sure to dispose of them properly by taking them to a local pharmacy or hazardous waste disposal site.

If you have any questions about how to store your medications, be sure to ask your pharmacist.

Do not take these medications if you spend time in the sun

There are a number of medications that can make you more sensitive to the sun. If you are taking any of these medications, it is important to avoid spending time in the sun or to take steps to protect yourself from the sun's harmful rays.

Some of the most common medications that can cause sun sensitivity include:

• Antibiotics, such as tetracyclines, fluoroquinolones, and sulfonamides
• Antifungals, such as griseofulvin
• Antihistamines, such as diphenhydramine and cetirizine
• Cholesterol-lowering drugs, such as statins
• Diuretics, such as hydrochlorothiazide
• Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as ibuprofen and naproxen
• Photosensitizing drugs, such as psoralens
• Retinoids, such as isotretinoin
• Sulfonylureas, such as glipizide and glyburide

If you are taking any of these medications, it is important to talk to your doctor about how to protect yourself from the sun. Your doctor may recommend that you:

• Avoid spending time in the sun during the middle of the day, when the sun's rays are strongest
• Wear protective clothing, such as a hat, sunglasses, and long-sleeved shirts and pants
• Apply sunscreen with an SPF of 30 or higher to all exposed skin
• Drink plenty of fluids to stay hydrated

By following these tips, you can help to protect yourself from the harmful effects of the sun while you are taking medications that can cause sun sensitivity.

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