Cirrhosis is a terminal stage of liver disease that cannot be reversed (e.g., viral hepatitis, alcoholic or non-alcoholic fatty liver disease). The liver's cirrhosis involves changes to the organ's structure and the development of scar tissue. As a result, the liver fails and develops progressive fibrosis as well as ischemia-induced necrosis of liver cells. The liver stops producing the bile required for digestion, stops detoxifying the body of toxins, and stops breaking down drugs and nutrients. Cirrhosis of the liver worsens over time. It initially shows no symptoms or presents with odd symptoms like bloating, appetite loss, and a bitter aftertaste. The emergence of more challenging complications is linked to the disease's progression. The diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma, variceal bleeding, ascites, jaundice, hepatic encephalopathy, or ascites in a patient signifies the change from the compensated phase to the decompensated phase of cirrhosis. A person with c...
Strategic analysis on geopolitics, financial systems, and Pakistani affairs, blended with personal stories and commentary from Karachi. Written by Munaeem Jamal.